Vocabularies from Three Labels

Andy Warhol
American, 1928-1987
Rade Riot, 1968
Oil and silkscreen ink on canvas

Mass-printing
Printed material, such as newspapers and magazines, that can communicate to the people at large.
(Industrial printing)

Value
Monetary or material worth

Original
A unique quality of art pieces that shows new ideas, innovative thinking, and special characteristics. Sometimes, it is a source from which a copy, reproduction, or translation is made, such as the reproduction painting of Mona Lisa, one of the master pieces of Leonardo Da Vinci.

Commercial
On this context, commercial means something unoriginal. People can see and buy them in their everyday life very easy. They spread out everywhere, and they are an effect of commercial purposes of industrial world.
(Mass products)

Benday screen of dots
Dot patterns to mechanically produce shading effect for mass-printing techniques.
This process was invented by Benjamin Day (1839-1916)
Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein usually used this element in their works.

Skintones
A coded representation of the skin color or surface.
Often the canvases were hand-painted with colors that Warhol thought matched the depicted image such as ‘skin tones’ and vibrant magenta eye shadow before the screened image was applied. Occasionally Warhol painted on top of his silkscreen images but usually the silkscreen served as a final defining layer.


David Hockney
British, resides U.S.,B 1937
Plastic Tree Plus City Hall, 1964
Acrylic on canvas

Variety of past styles
Qualities of traditional forms of art before Pop Art movement
(Qualities of traditional forms)

Pop Art
Pop Art is a visual art movement that emerged in the mid 1950s in Britain and in parallel in the late 1950s in the United States. It focuses on popular mass culture, such as advertising, and comic book.

Inspiration
Somebody or something that stimulates a person to a high level of feeling, to creative thought, or to achieve the making of art. On this context, inspiration means Hockney’s environment in Los Angeles.
(Stimulation)

Juxtaposing naturalism and artificiality

Juxtaposition (n.)/juxtapose (v.)
The state or position of being placed close together

Naturalism
It is a theory that all phenomena can be explained in terms of natural causes and laws.

Artificiality
Something made or produced as a copy of something natural.
(Imitation/unnatural/not real)

A ‘brushy’ abstract background
The background of the painting that cannot consider what it is, and it resembles shaggy tracks of artists’ brushstrokes.

Archetypal (adj.)/Archetype (n.)
An original models
Other meaning is that archetypes are recurring motifs in mythology and the arts, According to the theories of psychiatrist, Carl Gustav Jung.


Roy Lichtenstein
American, 1923-1997
Pyramids II, 1969
Oil and acrylic on canvas

High art
Fine art, also known as beaux-arts, art that is of universal transcendence, having withstood the test of time and representing the epitome of artistic achievement, as opposed to low art, which is also known as mass culture.

Art-historical subjects
The topic of one set of Lichtenstein’s works created by choosing the forms of some famous architecture around the world and simplified them to be his paintings in his own styles.

Simplified outlined images
A painting or drawing created by using the simple line to draw just on the outer area or periphery. The simplified outlined images are reduction in complexity or extent.

Vibrant
Full of life and energy